To evaluate the role of submarine ground-water discharge and the dynamics of the fresh water/salt water interface, Tampa Bay Study scientists (Swarzenski) have utilized both stationary and streaming multi-electrode DC resistivity. Processed resistivity (reciprocal of electrical conductivity) models are used to examine the subsurface hydrogeology. Electrical resistivity is measured in Ohm-m.

USGS scientists, in cooperation with Eckerd College and the University of South Florida, have used such geophysical methods to identify sites where groundwater discharge may occur in Tampa Bay and to examine the dynamics of the fresh water / salt water interface. Knowledge of such processes can improve our ability to manage the water quality of both Tampa Bay and the surrounding groundwater resources.