Water Depth of Seagrass Meadows in Tampa Bay - Methods2
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 Home | Tampa Bay Study | 2nd Annual Science Conference | Posters | ..... Seagrass Meadows in Tampa Bay Using GPS Carrier Phase Processing
 Gulf of Mexico Estuaries Integrated Science
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Tampa Bay Pilot Study 2002 Poster Series
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Abstract | Introduction | Methods1 | Methods2| Results1 | Results2 | Results3 | Discussion1 | Discussion2 | Discussion3 | Future| Acknowledgments

Determination of Water Depth at the Deep Edge of Seagrass Meadows in Tampa Bay Using GPS Carrier Phase Processing
J.O.R. Johansson, K.B. Hennenfent and J.J. Pacowta. (City of Tampa, Bay Study Group)

Measurements of Seagrass Elevations and Transect Profiles

Numerous seagrass elevation measurements and seagrass transect profiles have been performed in Tampa Bay since October 1999 (see map).

Schematic of typical GPS stations set-up during “on-the fly” elevation measurements.
Schematic of typical GPS stations set-up during “on-the fly” elevation measurements.
A = Base station antenna height.
B = Bench mark elevation above MTL tidal stage.
C = Rover station antenna height.
D = Relative elevation difference between base station and rover station antennas.
X = Calculated elevation of the deep seagrass edge.

Specific deep edge measurements were conducted at ten general areas in the four major bay segments. Seagrass species investigated were: H. wrightii, T. testudinum, and S. filiforme. Most study areas were located at, or close to, an established Tampa Bay fixed seagrass transect and included different seagrass species when present. Further, the depth profile of 20 of the 62 seagrass transects included in the annual interagency seagrass transect monitoring program have been surveyed to this date. These profiles start at the shoreline and extend across the shallow sandbar to approximately the 2m depth contour.

Prior to conducting the elevation measurements at seagrass areas and transects, suitable bench marks had to be located within 10km of the survey sites. NOS tidal bench marks were the primary type used.

Typical set-ups of the GPS instruments for field elevation measurements are shown below. The base station antenna was placed vertically above the bench mark and the rover station antenna was placed, either on a tripod vertically above the seagrass edge (static technique), or as shown here for transect profiling, on a pole attached to a benthic sled (Aon-the-fly” technique). Recorded GPS satellite data was post-processed using the Trimble phase processor software. The software calculated the relative elevation difference between the two antennas (D). Since the MTL elevation of the bench mark (B) was known and the antenna heights (A and C) had been measured in the field, the MTL elevation of the survey site (X) could easily be calculated.

A benthic sled equipped with the rover station antenna
A benthic sled equipped with the rover station antenna is towed along the transect for “on-the-fly” measurements of seagrass transect elevation profiles.

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science
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